How Bali’s economy is measured beyond tourism

Bali’s economy is measured through several indicators rather than tourism alone: production, household spending, visitor activity, poverty, unemployment and human development. BPS reported that the island’s economy grew 5.95 percent year on year in the second quarter of 2025, while accommodation and food services contributed 22.76 percent of output, according to BPS, 2025.

How is Bali’s economic growth calculated?

BPS measures the regional economy through gross regional domestic product, or GRDP, at current and constant prices. In the second quarter of 2025, Bali’s GRDP was Rp81.39 trillion at current prices and Rp44.75 trillion at constant prices, according to BPS, 2025.

The constant-price measure is used to compare economic activity over time because it removes the effect of price changes. BPS reported year-on-year growth of 5.95 percent for the second quarter of 2025, according to BPS, 2025.

How much does tourism-related activity matter?

Accommodation and food services remained Bali’s largest production sector in the second quarter of 2025, contributing 22.76 percent of GRDP, according to BPS, 2025. That measure covers the sector’s contribution to recorded economic output; it does not mean tourism accounts for every part of Bali’s economy.

Bali also records tourism through visitor statistics. The provincial tourism office’s 2025 tourism statistics publication provides a separate statistical framework for tourism data, including visitor-related measures, according to the Bali Provincial Tourism Office, 2026.

What does household spending show?

Economic measurement also looks at expenditure. Household consumption contributed 51.77 percent of Bali’s GRDP in the second quarter of 2025, according to BPS, 2025.

This indicator captures spending by households in the regional economy. It is therefore different from the production measure: one describes where output is generated, while the other describes how expenditure contributes to the economy.

Which social indicators complete the picture?

Growth data do not show how evenly economic conditions are experienced. The Bali provincial government reported that poverty stood at 3.42 percent in September 2025, while the number of people classified as poor was 160.09 thousand, according to the Bali Provincial Government, 2026.

The same government report said Bali’s open unemployment rate was 1.45 percent in November 2025 and its Human Development Index was 80.53 in 2025, according to the Bali Provincial Government, 2026. These measures add information on household welfare, access to work and broader living conditions.

Why use several measures?

No single figure explains Bali’s economy. GRDP growth describes the pace of production, sector shares show where output comes from, expenditure data show demand, and poverty, unemployment and human-development measures indicate social outcomes.

Reading the indicators together helps distinguish a growing economy from the distribution and quality of that growth. It also avoids treating visitor numbers or tourism activity as a complete measure of Bali’s economic performance.

Sources

• BPS-Statistics Indonesia Bali Province
• Bali Provincial Tourism Office