Ayung River Study Rates Overall Water Quality as Poor (C)
A 2025 journal study found the Ayung River’s overall quality was Poor (C) after reviewing five years of data from seven monitoring stations, with BOD…
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Water Quality
Pemuteran study finds uneven coral disease at five shallow-reef sites
A March 2018 survey of Pemuteran’s shallow reefs in North Bali found the lowest live-coral cover at one site and the highest coral-disease prevalence…
Studies find nutrient and pollution pressures in Tukad Badung River
Two peer‑reviewed studies of the Tukad Badung in Denpasar report elevated nutrients, suspended solids and organic pollution at selected sites, classif…